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Te Whakawhitinga Tiriti: Te Huringa Prefab
I tētahi wā i roto i te nuinga o ngā kaihoko whare e hiahia ana ki te raweke, te utu muramura, me te whakamau ake, kua ara ake ngā whare rite-whananga hei kaha whakarere i te maakete whare. Ko enei tapa taraweti, i te nuinga o te wā i karangatia hei whare taketake rānei, i hangaia ki ngā wāhi umanga kua whakaritea, i nekehia ki ngā wāhanga rahi, ā, i huihui ki te whenua—ka herea te aronga pōuri, ka haere tonu ai te hanga whare tikanga. Ko te mea i wehenga noa mai i mua hei kōwhiringa iti noa mo ngā kaihoko e mōhio ana ki te moni, kei te hōhonu ake ināianei i waenganui i ngā kainoho rerekē, mai i ngā kainoho tuatahi ki ngā whānau e mōhio ana ki te taiao, ki ngā kaumātua anō hoki. Kāore he noo ingoa tēnei hurihanga; ko te urupare ki te hiahia whakapau atu ki ngā whakautu whare e tō ana ki ngā uara o nāianei: te tere, te utu muramura, me te whakauru ki te taiao.
Me pēhea e pakaru ai ngā Whare Rite-whananga i ngā Hanganga Tikanga: Tētahi Huringa Mahinga
Kei te heart of the whakapapa o ngā whare tōtika ko te rautaki hanga hou. Kua whakakaha ngā whare tūmau ki te mahi ake i te wāhi e pā ana ki te āhuarangi me ngā tāone e taraweti ana, kei te hangaia ngā whare tōtika ki ngā toihau e aro ana ki te āhuarangi. Ka whakakorea tēnei arataki i ngā whakaroa e pa ana ki te ua, hukapapa, te mātātoko rānei, ka tūtohu i te wātaka kia pakari. Ko te tika o te toihau ka whakaiti i te hapa a te tangata: kei te tapahia, whakaurua, me te tirotiro tētahi pāpaku, heke tārua, me te heke papa ki te whakamahi i ngā taputapu matua, ka hua mai ko ngā tātari pakari ake me ngā hanganga pakari ake.
Ko te aronga whakamāmā e hua ai te tere kauta. E rite ana ki te whare tuatahi ka roa pea te wā e 6-12 marama kia tū, he maha ngā tauira o waho e eke mai ana ki te tūrangawaewae kua oti i te 70–90% ā, ka noho tūmatanui ki roto i te 4–8 wiki. Mō ngā kaihoko hiahia ki te wehe atu i ngā waatea tirotiro, i te tere atu rānei mō te mahi, ko te tukunga tere ake nei he mea whakarere. He iti ake hoki i te pānga o te hanganga roa, kei hea ngā take kāore pea i te mōhio (pērā i ngā parurenga tuku, i te itenga mahi rānei) e herea ai ngā tahua me ngā wātaka.
Te Whiwhinga Me Te Kāore E Whakaiti: Te Whenua Nooho Tainoka
Mō te maha, ko te here nui ki te whai whare e noho ana i te utu - ā kua pakaru kē ngā whare hui i te here. Ko te hanga tūmatanui he nui ngā utu huna: ngā panonitanga o ngā rawa i te mutunga, ngā utu mo te mahi i waho i te wā, me ngā utu hokohoko, hei tauira noa. Ko ngā whare hui i te whare hui i te whai hua mai i te mahi i te whare: e iti ake ngā utu i te hoko i ngā rawa i te rahi, e iti ake te wā e hiahiatia ana mō te mahi, ā ka iti noa ngā utu hokohoko i te wāhi noho. Ko te putanga? Ko ngā whare hui e iti ake i te 10–20% te utu i ngā whare e hiahiatia ana.
Kāore tēnei whakauru i te kore e utua kounga. Kua whakakīia ngā whare hōu ki ngā wāhi noho arataki: ngā taputapu e iti ana te manawa, ngā paparanga pakari, me ngā taputapu kounga teitei. E tuku ana hoki ētahi kaihanga i ngā whakapai ake, pērā i ngā tapa paraihe toka ranei rorohiko, i te mutunga o te utu nui ake i te whakanoho i ngā whare takotoranga. Mō ngā kaihoko tuatahi, koirā te whai whare noho māmā anake i te kore e pā ki ō rātou taumata moni, i te kore e kawenga i te nuinga o te moni. Mō ngā kaipara e iti ake ana, he tūpono ia kia noho ki tētahi whare noho reka, kore e nui te tiaki, kaua ko te nuinga o te moni.
Whakamahinga: Te hanga mo te whenua
Kātahi ka tipu ake te mōhio ki te huringa o te āhuarangi, kei te whai mua ngā kaihoko i ngā whare e tautokohia ana e te taiao - ā, ko ngā whare huihui i te wāhi tūmatanui e whakatutuki i tēnei take. Ko te hanga i te whare paku atu i te raima: he iti noa ngā tapa taraweti nā te ine tika, ā, he māmā te whakapai anō i ngā tapa totohe (pērā i te paraihe, te whakamau wera rānei) ki te takiwā. E whakawatea ana tēnei mai i ngā hanganga arataki, ina tae atu ki te 15% o ngā tapa kei te pātaka poraka.
Kei te whai hoki ngā kaihanga whare huihui i ngā tapa kākāriki. Nui atu ka whakamahia e rātou te rakau kua whakahaeretia, te hinu whakapai anō, me ngā paina iti-VOC (ngā kaituhi organik kua wehewehe) hei whakaiti i te panonenga ki te taiao. Ko te whakamau wera tētahi atu kaha: ko te whakamau wera inuaki rānei ko te whakamau wera papaku e here ai te hau, e iti ai te wehe wera me te heke i ngā utu hiko. Kei ētahi tauira hoki kua hono-hono ratonga rā anō rānei, kua whakauruhia rānei ngā punaha kohi wai ua, e huri ai i ngā whare hei wā kaimahi iti, kia iti ai te karbon.
Kāore ngā āhuatanga nei i te pai anake mō te ao, engari ko te pūtea hoki. Ko ngā whare tōmua e iti ana te kaha o te hiko he wāhi e whai rawa ana i ngā utu taunaha, ā, he iti ake hoki ngā utu inu marama ka rite atu ki te wā. Mō ngā kaihoko e māia ana ki te taiao, ko te takotoranga o te roa atu me te penapena he āhua ngoikera.
Te Whirinakitanga Hoahoa: Ngā Whare Ritenga mō Kажд Kotahi
Kua pikinga ngā rā i ngā whare tōmua i te nuinga o ngā tau e rua, e toru rānei te āhua, ā, he kotahi te rahi i ngā tau kei muri. Kei te waenganui ake ngā kaihanga i ēnei rā e whakarato ana i ngā tikanga whakapapa, ā, e āwhina ana i ngā kaihoko kia whirihau i ngā whare ki ō rātou here me ō rātou nekeneke. He iti noa te mahi inu mō te kaimahi tūmatanui e hiahia ana ki te tari ki te kāinga, he whānau e tipu haere ana e hiahia ana ki te ruma moe anō, he tāpiri anō rānei e moemoe ana ki te ruma mātāpuna, ka taea e ngā whare tōmua te whakauru.
Ko ngā kōwhiringa hoahoa e toro atu ana i ngā whare iti (tino pai mō ngā kaiwhakamāmā) ki ngā whare 3,000 mita tapawhā neke atu ana me te maha o ngā rūma. Ko ngā āhua waho ka timitimihia ngā āhua ake (pērā i te kairangi rānei ngā whare mārearea o nāianei) i te whakaaetanga ki ngā āhua hou me ngā takotoranga papai me ngā matapihi nui. Ko ngā takotoranga o roto ko te ōrite te whakarahi: ko ngā rūma noho tūwhera, ngā pāpaku inu, tae atu ki ngā rūma mo ngā tuākana kei te kaupeka. Ko te whirwiri i ēnei tikanga kaore he mea i te kore e kaha ai ngā kaihoko ki te whakaiti i ā rātou whakaaro—ka taea e rātou te hanga i tētahi kainga e whakaatu ana i ā rātou aronga.
Te Aianei o ngā Whare Pirepire: Te Auaha ki te Horizon
Kāore te umanga pirepire i te noho whakauru. Kei te whanake haere ngā hangarau e whai ake nei i te whakapai ake i ēnei whare. E ētahi kaihanga i tēnei wā ka whakamahi i te tākupenga 3D hei hanga i ngā wāhanga ritenga, e āki ai ngā hoahoa pīroiroi i te utu iti ake. Ko ētahi atu kei te whakauru i ngā punaha whare mātauranga hei tikanga tāutu, me ngā āhuatanga pērā i ngā teromita karuwha rereke, te arotake hauora, me ngā kamera haumaru.
Kei te whanake hoki te whakamana. Kei te whakauruhia ngā matū hou, pērā i te hempcrete (he waihanga e iti ai te makuku) me te rakau kauta (kōwhiringa whakarewa hei tira kauta), ki ngā hoahoa tūmau. Kei te whakamātau hoki ētahi kamupene ki ngā tauira paku hiko, kei reira ngā paparorohiko mātāpuna me ngā rautaki whakawera e hanga ana i te kaha kotahi me te kāinga.
I te nui ake o te iniana, kei te mātua mātātoha ngā kāwanatanga me ngā kaiwhanake. Kei te whakahoutia e te nuinga o ngā takiwā ngā ture mō ngā tūmau, ā, kei te whakamahi ngā kaiwhanake i ērā hei whakautu i ngā iti o ngā whare noho e taea ana. Mai i ngā kaupapa taone ki ngā hapori mātāwaka, kei te whakatau ngā tūmau i ā rātou anō tikanga ki ngā takotoranga rerehua.
Whakamutunga: He aha i mōhiotia ai ngā Tūmau hei Kōwhiringa Hihiri
Ko ngā whare tōtika he nui ake i te āhua—ko te whiriwhiringa angitu, ko te whakapai hoki ki ngā kainoho o te wā. E tuku ana i te tere, te utu iti, me te whakauru engari kāore i te whakaitinga i te kounga, i te āhua rānei. He iti noa pea koe e hoko i tōu tuatahi, he whānau haere tonu ana, he tangata e rapu ana i te aronga ki te taiao, kei te tūhono ngā whare tōtika ki te pikinga ki te whanake i ēnei wā.
Me te whanake ake o te hangarau me te piki ake o te iniana, ka pēra tonu te māmātia, te whakamahia hoki ngā whare tōtika. Mō tētahi e готова ana ki te whai whare e ū āhua ana, e utu iti ana, me te hanga hei anamata, he pono te kōwhiringa: ko ngā whare tōtika ko te kōwhiringa āhua.